Half dead of that inconceivable anguish which the rolling of a ship produces, one-half of the passengers were not even sensible of the danger. The other half shrieked and prayed. The sheets were rent, the masts broken, the vessel gaped. Work who would, no one heard, no one commanded. The Anabaptist being upon deck bore a hand; when a brutish sailor struck him roughly and laid him sprawling; but with the violence of the blow he himself tumbled head foremost overboard, and stuck upon a piece of the broken mast. Honest James ran to his assistance, hauled him up, and from the effort he made was precipitated into the sea in sight of the sailor, who left him to perish, without deigning to look at him. Candide drew near and saw his benefactor, who rose above the water one moment and was then swallowed up for ever. He was just going to jump after him, but was prevented by the philosopher Pangloss, who demonstrated to him that the Bay of Lisbon had been made on purpose for the Anabaptist to be drowned. While he was proving this à priori, the ship foundered; all perished except Pangloss, Candide, and that brutal sailor who had drowned the good Anabaptist. The villain swam safely to the shore, while Pangloss and Candide were borne thither upon a plank.
Half dead from the terrible anguish caused by a rolling ship, half the passengers were not even aware of the danger. The other half shrieked and prayed. The sails were torn, the masts broken, and the ship gaped. Whoever tried to work could not be heard. No one gave orders. The Anabaptist was on deck helping. A brutish sailor struck him roughly and knocked him sprawling. With the force of the blow, the sailor himself fell headfirst overboard and got stuck on a piece of broken mast. Honest James ran to help him, hauled him up, and in the effort was thrown into the sea within sight of the sailor. The sailor left him to die and did not even look back. Candide came closer and saw his benefactor. He rose above the water for a moment and then was swallowed up forever. Candide was about to jump after him, but Pangloss stopped him. The philosopher said the Bay of Lisbon had been made on purpose so the Anabaptist would drown. He proved this à priori. While he was proving this, the ship sank. Everyone died except Pangloss, Candide, and the brutal sailor who had drowned the good Anabaptist. The villain swam safely to shore, while Pangloss and Candide were carried there on a plank.
As soon as they recovered themselves a little they walked toward Lisbon. They had some money left, with which they hoped to save themselves from starving, after they had escaped drowning. Scarcely had they reached the city, lamenting the death of their benefactor, when they felt the earth tremble under their feet. The sea swelled and foamed in the harbour, and beat to pieces the vessels riding at anchor. Whirlwinds of fire and ashes covered the streets and public places; houses fell, roofs were flung upon the pavements, and the pavements were scattered. Thirty thousand inhabitants of all ages and sexes were crushed under the ruins. The sailor, whistling and swearing, said there was booty to be gained here.
As soon as they had recovered a little, they walked toward Lisbon. They had some money left, and they hoped it would prevent them from starving after escaping drowning. They had scarcely reached the city, lamenting their benefactor's death, when they felt the earth tremble under their feet. The sea swelled and foamed in the harbor and smashed the ships at anchor. Whirlwinds of fire and ash covered the streets and public squares. Houses fell. Roofs were thrown onto the pavements. The paving stones were scattered. Thirty thousand people of all ages and both sexes were crushed under the ruins. The sailor whistled and cursed, saying there was loot to be had here.
The great earthquake of Lisbon happened on the first of November, 1755.
"What can be the sufficient reason of this phenomenon?" said Pangloss.
"What could be the sufficient reason for this phenomenon?" said Pangloss.
"This is the Last Day!" cried Candide.
"This is the Last Day!" cried Candide.
The sailor ran among the ruins, facing death to find money; finding it, he took it, got drunk, and having slept himself sober, purchased the favours of the first good-natured wench whom he met on the ruins of the destroyed houses, and in the midst of the dying and the dead. Pangloss pulled him by the sleeve.
The sailor ran through the ruins, risking his life to find money. He found it, took it, and got drunk. After sleeping until he sobered up, he paid for the favors of the first kind-hearted woman he met. She was among the wrecked houses, in the midst of the dying and the dead. Pangloss pulled him by the sleeve.
"My friend," said he, "this is not right. You sin against the universal reason; you choose your time badly."
"My friend," he said, "this is not right. You are sinning against the universal reason. You have chosen the wrong time."
"S'blood and fury!" answered the other; "I am a sailor and born at Batavia. Four times have I trampled upon the crucifix in four voyages to Japan; a fig for thy universal reason."
"God's blood and fury!" answered the other. "I am a sailor. I was born in Batavia. I trampled on the crucifix four times during four voyages to Japan. To hell with your universal reason."
Such was the aversion of the Japanese to the Christian faith that they compelled Europeans trading with their islands to trample on the cross, renounce all marks of Christianity, and swear that it was not their religion. See chap. xi. of the voyage to Laputa in Swift's Gulliver's Travels.
Some falling stones had wounded Candide. He lay stretched in the street covered with rubbish.
Some falling stones had wounded Candide. He lay stretched out in the street, covered with rubble.
"Alas!" said he to Pangloss, "get me a little wine and oil; I am dying."
"Oh!" he said to Pangloss. "Bring me a little wine and oil. I'm dying."
"This concussion of the earth is no new thing," answered Pangloss. "The city of Lima, in America, experienced the same convulsions last year; the same cause, the same effects; there is certainly a train of sulphur under ground from Lima to Lisbon."
"This shaking of the earth is nothing new," answered Pangloss. "The city of Lima in America had the same tremors last year. The cause was the same. The effects were the same. There is certainly a vein of sulphur running underground from Lima to Lisbon."
"Nothing more probable," said Candide; "but for the love of God a little oil and wine."
"Nothing could be more likely," said Candide. "But for the love of God, give me a little oil and some wine."
"How, probable?" replied the philosopher. "I maintain that the point is capable of being demonstrated."
"Probable? What do you mean, probable?" replied the philosopher. "I maintain that the point can be demonstrated."
Candide fainted away, and Pangloss fetched him some water from a neighbouring fountain. The following day they rummaged among the ruins and found provisions, with which they repaired their exhausted strength. After this they joined with others in relieving those inhabitants who had escaped death. Some, whom they had succoured, gave them as good a dinner as they could in such disastrous circumstances; true, the repast was mournful, and the company moistened their bread with tears; but Pangloss consoled them, assuring them that things could not be otherwise.
Candide fainted, and Pangloss fetched some water from a nearby fountain. The next day they searched the ruins and found some provisions. They used the food to restore their exhausted strength. After that they joined others in helping the people who had survived. Some of those they had helped gave them the best meal they could manage in such disastrous circumstances. The meal was sad. The company moistened their bread with tears. Pangloss comforted them and assured them that things could not be otherwise.
"For," said he, "all that is is for the best. If there is a volcano at Lisbon it cannot be elsewhere. It is impossible that things should be other than they are; for everything is right."
He said, "Everything that exists is for the best. If there is a volcano in Lisbon, it cannot be somewhere else. It is impossible for things to be different. Everything is right."
A little man dressed in black, Familiar of the Inquisition, who sat by him, politely took up his word and said:
A small man dressed in black sat beside him. He was a Familiar of the Inquisition. He politely took up his words and said:
"Apparently, then, sir, you do not believe in original sin; for if all is for the best there has then been neither Fall nor punishment."
"Apparently, then, sir, you do not believe in original sin. For if all is for the best, there has been neither Fall nor punishment."
"I humbly ask your Excellency's pardon," answered Pangloss, still more politely; "for the Fall and curse of man necessarily entered into the system of the best of worlds."
"I humbly ask your Excellency's pardon," answered Pangloss, even more politely. "The Fall and the curse of man were necessarily part of the system of the best possible world."
"Sir," said the Familiar, "you do not then believe in liberty?"
"Sir," said the Familiar, "then you don't believe in liberty?"
"Your Excellency will excuse me," said Pangloss; "liberty is consistent with absolute necessity, for it was necessary we should be free; for, in short, the determinate will——"
"Your Excellency, please excuse me," said Pangloss. "Liberty is compatible with absolute necessity. It was necessary that we be free. In short, the determinate will..."
Pangloss was in the middle of his sentence, when the Familiar beckoned to his footman, who gave him a glass of wine from Porto or Opporto.
Pangloss was in the middle of his sentence when the Familiar beckoned to his footman. The footman gave the Familiar a glass of wine from Porto, or Oporto.