Article 4

Section 1. Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records, and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.

Section 1. Each State must give full faith and credit to every other State’s public laws, records, and court proceedings. And Congress may pass general laws specifying how these laws, records, and proceedings must be authenticated and their legal effect.

Section 2. The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States.

Section 2. Citizens of each State are entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the other States.

A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime.

If a person charged in any State with treason, a felony, or another crime flees justice and is found in another State, the person must be handed over at the request of the executive authority of the State they fled. The person must then be taken to the State with jurisdiction over the crime.

No person held to Service or Labor in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labor, But shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labor may be due.

If a person legally bound to service or labor in one state escapes to another, that obligation remains in force. No law or regulation in the second state can free the person from that service or labor. Instead, the person must be handed over when claimed by the party to whom the service or labor is owed.

Section 3. New States may be admitted by the Congress into this Union; but no new States shall be formed or erected within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or Parts of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Congress.

Section 3. Congress may admit new states into this Union. But forming a new state within another state's jurisdiction requires consent. So does forming a state by joining two or more states or parts of states. In either case, both the legislatures of the states involved and Congress must consent.

The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or other Property belonging to the United States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United States, or of any particular State.

Congress has the power to dispose of territory or other property belonging to the United States. Congress may also make all necessary rules and regulations for that territory or property. Nothing in this Constitution may be interpreted to harm any claims of the United States or any individual State.

Section 4. The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government, and shall protect each of them against Invasion; and on Application of the Legislature, or of the Executive (when the Legislature cannot be convened) against domestic Violence.

Section 4. The United States must guarantee every State in this Union a republican form of government. It must also protect each State against invasion. It must also protect each State against internal violence when the State's legislature requests protection. If the legislature cannot meet, the State's executive may request that protection instead.